**Intelligent Manufacturing Standard System**
The intelligent manufacturing standard system is a key focus of the "Made in China 2025" initiative. With strong government support, financial incentives, and growing market demand, intelligent manufacturing is rapidly advancing. The foundational structure of this standard system has been gradually established, creating a favorable environment where regions, industries, enterprises, system integrators, equipment manufacturers, research institutions, and users work together harmoniously.
At a recent National Intelligent Manufacturing Pilot Demonstration Experience Exchange Meeting, Minister Miao Wei of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology revealed that since the launch of the smart manufacturing special project in June last year, the central government has invested 2.15 billion yuan to support 93 key projects. This year, the two departments continued the initiative, with 133 new key projects initiated. Additionally, the integration and application of core intelligent manufacturing technologies and equipment are accelerating, promoting broader adoption of smart solutions across industries.
It is reported that the 133 key smart manufacturing projects launched this year span 25 provinces and autonomous regions. The state is expected to allocate 5.2 billion yuan, nearly 1.5 times the amount from the previous year. Since the implementation of the smart manufacturing special program, not only has it supported the development of the national standard system, but it has also enhanced the self-control and controllability of smart manufacturing equipment, and attracted over 10 billion yuan in social investment.
Currently, many manufacturing enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta have voluntarily embarked on “machine substitution†to accelerate their digital, networked, and intelligent transformation. According to preliminary statistics from Jiangsu, Guangdong, and Zhejiang provinces, annual fixed asset investments in the manufacturing sector have reached 1 trillion yuan, with a significant portion allocated to digital and intelligent equipment, and this share continues to grow. "China has become the world's largest market for intelligent manufacturing demand," said Xin Guobin, deputy director of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. He emphasized the need to leverage this massive market demand to develop an intelligent manufacturing equipment industry with its own brand, focusing on the goals of "Made in China 2025."
Standardization testing and the application of new intelligent manufacturing models are two major directions for the smart manufacturing special projects in China. In recent years, China has made remarkable progress in intelligent manufacturing, with breakthroughs in key technologies and equipment such as high-end CNC machines, industrial robots, and intelligent instrumentation. Information and communication technologies are evolving rapidly, and network infrastructure is continuously expanding. However, compared to leading manufacturing nations, China still faces challenges in smart manufacturing. The coexistence of mechanization, electrification, automation, and informatization highlights uneven development across regions, industries, and enterprises, with several pressing issues needing resolution.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China will focus on the "five to thirty-five" key tasks: developing five types of key technical equipment, including high-end CNC machines, industrial robots, additive manufacturing equipment, intelligent sensing and control equipment, and intelligent logistics and warehousing equipment. It will also strengthen three basic foundations—standards, core software, and the Industrial Internet—and promote five new operational models, such as discrete intelligent manufacturing, process-based intelligent manufacturing, network collaborative manufacturing, mass customization, and remote maintenance services. These efforts aim to integrate complete sets of intelligent manufacturing equipment in ten key sectors and continue the intelligent transformation of traditional manufacturing.
In the coming steps, China will accelerate the revision of 100 common manufacturing standards and industry application standards. Through initiatives like smart manufacturing engineering, specialization, pilot demonstrations, standard system construction, and the Industrial Internet, the country aims to lay the foundation for intelligent manufacturing development, build a new manufacturing system, and become a strong manufacturing nation.
**Intelligent Manufacturing Standard Architecture and Framework**
The intelligent manufacturing standard architecture consists of three parts: "A Basic Commonality", "B Key Technologies", and "C Key Industries". This structure reflects the relationships between different components of the standard system. The diagram of the intelligent manufacturing standard architecture is shown in Figure 5.
Specifically, the A Basic Commonality standard includes five categories: basic, security, management, test evaluation, and reliability. Located at the bottom of the standard architecture, these standards support the upper sections, including B Key Technical Standards and C Key Industry Standards. BA Intelligent Equipment Standards are situated at the base of the B Key Technical Standards and are closely related to actual production. Above BA lies BB Intelligent Factory Standards, which play a crucial role in integrating intelligent equipment, software, and data. BC Intelligent Service Standards are at the top of the B section, focusing on new models and formats in intelligent manufacturing. BD Industrial Software and Big Data Standards and BE Industrial Internet Standards are positioned at the far left and right of the B section, respectively, enabling the integration of the physical and information worlds, transforming production-oriented manufacturing into service-oriented operations. C Key Industry Standards are at the top of the architecture, addressing specific industry needs by refining and implementing A and B standards, guiding the promotion of intelligent manufacturing across various sectors.
The intelligent manufacturing standard system framework is derived from the architecture and serves as the fundamental component of the system. It includes three parts: "A Basic Commonality", "B Key Technologies", and "C Key Industries". The framework is illustrated in Figure 6.
**Intelligent Manufacturing Standard System Construction Guide**
The Construction Guide outlines the general requirements, construction ideas, content, and organizational implementation methods for building an intelligent manufacturing standard system. It establishes a reference model based on three dimensions: lifecycle, system level, and intelligent function. The framework includes five basic common standards such as "basic", "security", "management", "test and evaluation", and "reliability", as well as five key technical standards: "smart equipment", "smart factory", "smart service", "industrial software and big data", and "industrial internet", along with application standards in different industries. For ease of use, the guide organizes existing smart manufacturing-related standards under the categories of "basic commonality", "key technologies", and "key industries".
The guide focuses on leveraging manufacturing advantages and upgrading traditional industries. It emphasizes cross-domain and cross-industry system integration standards, coordinating resources and optimizing structures to address bottlenecks like data integration and interconnection. The guide adopts a rolling revision system and is updated every 2-3 years.
**1. Basic Principles**
Overall planning and classification policy. Coordinate standard resources, optimize the standard structure, and systematically organize relevant domestic smart manufacturing standards to meet the needs of intelligent manufacturing development. Focusing on the 10 key areas proposed by "Made in China 2025", considering the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, combining the development levels and characteristics of different industries, forming application standards for key intelligent manufacturing sectors, and establishing a coordinated standard system.
Cross-border integration and proactive advancement. Based on the characteristics of intelligent manufacturing, prioritize basic common standards such as data interfaces, communication protocols, and semantic identifiers, addressing key bottlenecks like data integration and interconnection.
Based on national conditions and open cooperation. Combining the features of China's intelligent manufacturing standards and the imbalance in industry development, fully consider the applicability of standards, strengthen the standardization and industrialization of independent intellectual property rights, enhance communication with advanced manufacturing countries and international organizations, and promptly elevate China's independent intellectual property standards to international levels. At the same time, transform suitable international standards into national standards to establish an intelligent manufacturing standard system with good compatibility and openness.
**2. Construction Goals**
According to the current status of the manufacturing industry, the intelligent manufacturing standard system will be completed and improved within five years, divided into two phases: the first phase (2016–2017) mainly addresses the integration of the standard system and the lack of basic standards; the second phase (2018–2020) focuses on improving the standard system and applying standards across the entire manufacturing sector.
By 2017, an initial intelligent manufacturing standard system will be established, with more than 60 key standards formulated, covering basic common standards like reference models, terminology definitions, logo analysis, evaluation indicators, and other key technical standards such as data formats and communication protocols. Smart manufacturing standards for key industries will be developed, with breakthroughs in the top ten key areas of "Made in China 2025". National standards for intelligent manufacturing will rise to international levels, significantly improving standard application and internationalization.
By 2020, a relatively complete intelligent manufacturing standard system will be established, with over 500 intelligent manufacturing standards revised, covering basic common standards and key technical standards. Intelligent manufacturing standards will be widely applied in enterprises, promoted across all manufacturing sectors, and contribute to enhancing China's intelligent manufacturing level. The international competitiveness of manufacturing standards will increase significantly.
**3. Construction Ideas**
The national intelligent manufacturing standard system is built according to the "three-step method" principle.
The first step involves studying various intelligent manufacturing application systems, extracting their common abstract features, and constructing a three-dimensional intelligent manufacturing system architecture consisting of lifecycle, system level, and intelligent functions. This defines the connotation and extension of intelligent manufacturing standardization and identifies existing and missing criteria, recognizing overlaps between existing standards.
The second step integrates the logical relationships of each dimension of the intelligent manufacturing system architecture through in-depth analysis of standardization requirements. It maps the plane composed of the lifecycle and system level dimensions of the intelligent manufacturing system architecture to the intelligent function dimension, forming five key technical standards: intelligent equipment, intelligent factories, intelligent services, industrial software and big data, industrial internet, along with basic common standards and key industry standards, constituting the intelligent manufacturing standard architecture.
The third step decomposes and refines the intelligent manufacturing standard system to establish the standard system framework, guiding the construction of the intelligent manufacturing standard system and related standards.
**4. Construction Content**
Basic common standards mainly include five parts: basic, security, management, test evaluation, and reliability, as shown in Figure 7.
**1. Basic Standards**
Basic standards mainly consist of four parts: term definitions, reference models, metadata and data dictionaries, and identification.
Term definition standards are used to unify concepts related to intelligent manufacturing and provide support for the formulation of other parts of the standard.
Reference model standards help all parties understand the objects, boundaries, hierarchical relationships, and internal connections of intelligent manufacturing standardization.
Metadata and data dictionary standards specify naming rules, data formats, data models, data elements, registration requirements, and data dictionary establishment methods involved in the design, production, and circulation of intelligent manufacturing products, forming the foundation for data integration and interaction sharing across all aspects of intelligent manufacturing.
Identification standards are used to uniquely identify and analyze various types of objects in intelligent manufacturing, building an identification system compatible with existing enterprise identification coding systems and meeting the requirements of intelligent manufacturing development, such as IP and smart devices.
**2. Security Standards**
Security standards mainly include functional safety and information security.
Functional safety standards ensure that the safety control system performs its safety functions correctly in the event of a hazard, avoiding personal injury, environmental damage, and economic loss due to equipment or system failure. They include functional safety requirements and management.
Information security standards ensure that the information system is not damaged, altered, or leaked due to accidental or malicious reasons, allowing the system to run continuously and reliably. They include software security, device information security, network information security, data security, and information security protection.
**3. Management Standards**
Management standards mainly include the information security management system and the two-integrated management system.
The information security management system standard focuses on key aspects of manufacturing according to the characteristics and needs of intelligent manufacturing in various industries, developing intelligent manufacturing information security management standards, including management standards and security supervision.
The two-integrated management system standard guides enterprises to establish innovative management mechanisms, maintain sustainable competitive advantages, and improve the two-integrated process management mechanism through standardization work, including requirements, foundations and terminology, implementation guidelines, evaluation specifications, and audit guidelines.
**4. Testing Evaluation Criteria**
Test evaluation criteria mainly include six parts: test items, test methods, test equipment, indicator systems, evaluation methods, and implementation guidelines.
Test project standards guide the scientific sequencing and effective management of intelligent manufacturing equipment and systems during the testing process.
Test method standards develop standards including test content, methods, steps, processes, calculation analysis, etc., for different types of intelligent manufacturing equipment and systems.
Test equipment standards ensure the stable operation of test equipment and the accuracy and reliability of test indicators during the quality testing of intelligent manufacturing equipment and systems.
Indicator system standards evaluate various intelligent manufacturing application areas, application enterprises, and application projects, promoting continuous improvement in the level of intelligent manufacturing.
Evaluation method standards guide intelligent manufacturing enterprises in conducting project evaluations and developing intelligent manufacturing evaluation index systems.
Implementation guideline standards guide the implementation of the smart manufacturing project evaluation process.
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