The status quo of global agricultural lighting technology development
The necessity and urgency of modern agricultural lighting
Everything grows by the sun, and light is a very important environmental factor, and it cannot be artificially regulated. For example, the increase in UV-B radiation in sunlight caused by the reduction of the ozone layer, there is no response to traditional agriculture. Traditional agriculture (taking plants as an example), only the rhizosphere environment can be regulated by fertilization, irrigation and farming. The above-ground environment cannot be regulated, and it is easy to encounter difficulties such as rain and natural disasters.
Modern facility agriculture is produced in fixed facilities, with controllable environment, stable production, anti-seasonal and annual production, three-dimensional cultivation and high output. It is an important way to ensure national food security and agricultural products in the future, and its industrial status has been increasing year by year. The development of modern facility agriculture urgently needs the support of intelligent light environment regulation and semiconductor lighting technology, overcomes the light adversity, creates a suitable light environment, and achieves “high efficiency, high quality and stabilityâ€, while the spectrum of traditional light sources is not controllable (fluorescent lamps, HPS, halides). Lights, incandescent lights, etc.). LED is the ideal light source for modern facility agricultural lighting, which has made agricultural semiconductor lighting, giving more meaning to agricultural lighting, and realizing the intelligent on-demand regulation of light environment.
Agricultural semiconductor lighting
Agricultural semiconductor lighting refers to the use of semiconductor light sources and their intelligent control equipment. According to the requirements of the light environment of agricultural organisms and the production targets in various fields of agricultural production, artificially create suitable light environment or make up for the lack of natural light, and regulate the growth of agricultural organisms. Development and reproduction, in order to achieve the agricultural production of "quality, high yield, high efficiency, stable production, safety" production objectives of an agronomic measure.
What kind of spectrum is needed for plant growth?
In the plant kingdom, green plants are dominant. In all photosynthetic oxygen-discharging circadian clocks, chlorophyll in the leaf body has two absorption peaks for sunlight, which are the blue region near 420 nm and the red region near 660 nm. The wavelength of 440-490 nm is blue light, which can promote the growth of green leaves; the red light with a wavelength of 600-700 nm helps the flowering result and prolongs the flowering period. (The picture on the right shows the effect of different bands on plant growth).
LEDs are cited in the main advantages of agricultural lighting
The fourth generation of semiconductor solid-state light source-LED application in agricultural lighting is the biggest advancement in the development of agricultural lighting, with a milestone significance. From a long-term perspective, LEDs have gradually replaced traditional lighting sources. LED light sources will be widely used in many fields such as plant production, livestock and poultry breeding and pest control.
Application: Edible fungus factory
Edible fungi are important vegetables and health products. In 2012, the total production of edible fungi in China was nearly 30 million tons, and the output value exceeded 150 billion yuan, accounting for more than 70% of the world's total output. The edible fungus has a high degree of factoryization, and most edible fungi do not require high light intensity, but the light quality is demanding, the yield quality effect is large, and the light environment regulation is very important. The edible fungus factory has a large industrial scale, high economic benefits, relatively small investment in lamps, and a large demand for lighting replacement and control systems.
Application: plant factory
As the most advanced development stage of facility gardening, plant factories can be used for large-scale production of vegetables, seedlings (vegetable seedlings, rice, tobacco, etc.) and Chinese herbal medicines. The artificial light plant factory leaf production efficiency is 108 times that of open land, achieving annual continuous production, which is the development direction of plant factories, and the demand for new artificial light sources is large. The artificial light plant factories in commercial operation have increased year by year, with more than 300 in Japan and more than 30 in China.
Application: Livestock and aquaculture
Experiments show that green light, blue light and their combination can significantly promote the growth and development of broilers and improve their production performance. Broiler Farm: Continuous light can promote broiler growth. Artificial aquaculture: kill bacteria and reduce the possibility of fish disease. LED trap light has important applications; physical control methods to reduce pesticide use and ecological safety.
Current Status and Development Strategy of International LED Agriculture Application
With the development of LED technology, the Netherlands, the United States, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, etc. have taken LED agricultural lighting applications as an important development direction, and many domestic and foreign manufacturers have also entered the field of agricultural lighting.
market expectation
The output value of global LED application plant lighting has been growing rapidly since 2013. The preliminary statistics reached US$100 million in 2014 and is expected to reach US$500 million in 2017. With the increase in the penetration rate of global LED application agricultural lighting, the Chinese market is slowly emerging, and the future market prospect is broad.
Emerging market size
In 2013, China's vegetable planting area reached more than 300 million mu, with an annual output of more than 700 million tons and a per capita possession of more than 500 kilograms, ranking first in the world. According to the annual output of 700 million tons, according to the average Wholesale price of more than 20 kinds of vegetables, the current high circulation rot rate (20-30%) is removed, and the output value of Chinese vegetables is conservatively estimated to exceed 100 billion yuan.
It is estimated that after 20 years, using agricultural lighting technology, the replacement of organic vegetables grown by plant factories will reach 30% of vegetable cultivation, that is, 100 million mu of planting area and over 20 million tons of output. According to the average price of organic vegetables 4-5 times higher than traditional vegetable cultivation, its output value will reach 1.5 trillion yuan, which will be a trillion-level emerging industry. According to the demand of 18,000 LED lamps per 10,000 square meters, the planting area of ​​100 million mu will generate 120 billion LED red and blue LED market demand. The family-type plant growth box is calculated according to the proportion of 10%, which can reach the market demand of 150 billion scale. According to the industrial supporting demand of 3-5 times of the industrial chain, a family plant growth box with a scale of 50-800 billion will be born. Emerging markets.
Guangdong LED industry and plant lighting market prospects
Analysis of plant lighting market in Guangdong Province
China is already the world's largest vegetable and fruit producer, but so far, the LED agricultural lighting market is only in its infancy, but the market demand is increasing year by year. According to statistics, there are currently more than 80 LED agricultural lighting companies in China. Guangdong is the main province for the distribution of LED agricultural lighting enterprises, accounting for 82% of the country, followed by Shandong Province, accounting for 9%, and a few enterprises in other provinces.
Cause Analysis:
1. Industrial clusters and supply chains are relatively complete. The main materials of LED agricultural lighting fixtures are LED light source, lamp housing and power supply. Guangdong is a major concentration province for LED packaging and power companies. According to GSC monitoring data, about 70% of packaging companies and 85% of power companies in the country are concentrated in Guangdong Province, and enterprises have more choices when choosing raw materials.
2. There are more LED general lighting companies. Some companies cut into the field of plant lighting. More than 60% of LED general lighting enterprises in the country are distributed in Guangdong Province. With the gradual maturity of the LED agricultural lighting market, more and more LED general lighting enterprises will enter the field of LED agricultural lighting.
3. The market is currently abroad, and the country has just started. At present, the main market for LED agricultural lighting is abroad, and domestic demand is still small, in the initial stage. With the gradual start of domestic demand, the highly concentrated situation of LED agricultural lighting enterprises will improve, and the number of enterprises in East China and Central China is expected to increase in the future.
4. Focus on market segmentation and differentiated competition. Most LED companies in Guangdong pay attention to the core competitiveness and brand differentiation, and combine LED lighting technology with agriculture to open up the blue ocean market.
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